Chu Research Group Publications

PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

Friedman, J. S., and X. Chu, Nocturnal temperature structure in the mesopauseregion over the Arecibo Observatory (18.35°N, 66.75°W): Seasonal variations, Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D14107, doi:10.1029/2006JD008220, 2007.

Chu, X., P. J. Espy, G. J. Nott, J. C. Diettrich, and C. S. Gardner, Polar mesospheric clouds observed by an iron Boltzmann lidar at Rothera (67.5°S, 68.0°W), Antarctica from 2002-2005: properties and implications, Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D20213, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007086, 2006.

Diettrich, J. C., G. J. Nott, P. J. Espy, X. Chu, and D. Riggin, Statistics of sporadic iron layer and relation to atmospheric dynamics, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 68, 102-113, 2006.

Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and S. J. Franke, Nocturnal thermal structure of the MLT region at Maui, HI (20.7°N) and Starfire Optical Range, NM (35°N), Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D09S03, doi:10.1029/2004JD004891, 2005.

Franke, S. J., X. Chu, A. Z. Liu, and W. K. Hocking, Comparison of meteor radar and Na Doppler lidar measurements of winds in the mesopause region above Maui, HI, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D09S02, doi:10.1029/2003JD004486, 2005.

Stevens, M. H., R. R. Meier, X. Chu, M. T. DeLand, and J. M. C. Plane, Antarctic polar mesospheric clouds formed from space shuttle exhaust, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L13810, doi:10.1029/2005GL023054, 2005.

Zhao, Y., M. J. Taylor, and X. Chu, Comparison of simultaneous Na lidar and mesospheric nightglow temperature measurements and the effects of tides on the emission layer heights, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D09S07, doi:10.1029/2004JD005115, 2005.

Gardner, C. S., J. M. C. Plane, W. Pan, T. Vondrak, B. J. Murray, and X. Chu, Seasonal variations of the Na and Fe layers at the South Pole and their implications for the chemistry and general circulation of the polar mesosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D10302, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005670, 2005.

Diettrich, J., G. J. Nott, P. J. Espy, G.R. Swenson, X. Chu, M. J. Taylor, D. M. Riggin and D.C. Fritts, High frequency atmospheric gravity-wave properties using Fe-lidar and OH-imager observations, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021944, 2005.

Chu, X., G. J. Nott, P. J. Espy, C. S. Gardner, J. C. Diettrich, M. A. Clilverd, and M. J. Jarvis, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at Rothera, Antarctica (67.5°S, 68.0°W), Geophysical Research Letter, 31, L02114, doi: 10.1029/2003GL018638, 2004.

Plane, J. M. C., B. J. Murray, X. Chu, and C. S. Gardner, Removal of meteoric iron on polar mesospheric clouds, Science, 304, 426-428, 2004.

Chu, X., G. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, Lidar studies of interannual, seasonal and diurnal variations of polar mesospheric clouds at the South Pole, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (D8), 8447, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002524, 2003.

Chu, X., W. Pan, G. Papen, C. S. Gardner, and J. Gelbwachs, Fe Boltzmann Temperature LIDAR: Design, Error Analysis, and Initial Results at the North and South Poles, Applied Optics, 41, 4400-4410, 2002.

Drummond, J. D., B. W. Grime, C. S. Gardner, A. Z. Liu, X. Chu, M. C. Kelley, C. Kruschwitz, T. J. Kane, Observations of persistent Leonid meteor trails III: The "Glowworm", Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (A8), 10.1029/2001JA000223, 2002.

Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Seasonal variations, Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 1203-1206, 2001.

Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Diurnal variations, Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 1937-1940, 2001.

Gardner, C. S., G. C. Papen, X. Chu, and W. Pan, "First lidar observations of middle atmosphere temperatures, Fe densities, and polar mesospheric clouds over the North and South poles", Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 1199-1202, 2001.

Drummond, J. D., B. W. Grime, C. S. Gardner, A. Z. Liu, X. Chu, M. C. Kelley, C. Kruschwitz, and T. J. Kane, Observations of persistent Leonid meteor trails I: Advection of the Diamond Ring, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106 (A10), 21517-21524, 2001.

Kruschwitz, C. A., M. C. Kelley, C. S. Gardner, A. Z. Liu, X. Chu, J. D. Drummond, B. W. Grime, W. T. Armstrong, J. M. C. Plane, and P. Jenniskens, Observations of persistent Leonid meteor trails II: Photometry and numerical modeling, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106 (A10), 21525-21541, 2001.

Chu, X., W. Pan, G. Papen, C. S. Gardner, G. Swenson, and P. Jenniskens, "Characteristics of Fe ablation trails observed during the 1998 Leonid meteor shower", Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 1807-1810, 2000.

Chu, X., A. Z. Liu, G. Papen, C. S. Gardner, M. Kelley, J. Drummond, and R. Fugate, Lidar observations of elevated temperatures in bright chemiluminescent meteor trails during the 1998 Leonid shower, Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 1815-1818, 2000.

Kelley, M. C., C. S. Gardner, J. Drummond, T. Armstrong, A. Liu, X. Chu, G. Papen, C. Kruschwitz, P. Loughmiller, B. Grime, J. Engelmam, R. Fugate, R. Ruane, First observations of long-lived meteor trains with resonance lidar and other optical instruments, Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 1811-1814, 2000.

Chu, X. Z., M. Holzki, R. Alheit, and G. Werth, Observation of high-order motional resonances of an ion cloud in a Paul trap, International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes, 173, 107-112, 1998.

Razvi, M. A. N., X. Z. Chu, R. Alheit, G. Werth and R. Blümel, “Fractional frequency collective parametric resonances of an ion cloud in a Paul trap, Physical Review A, 58, Rapid Communications, R34-R37, 1998.

Alheit, R., X. Z. Chu, M. Hoefer, M. Holzki, G. Werth and R. Blümel, Nonlinear collective oscillations of an ion cloud in a Paul trap, Physical Review A, 56, 4023-4031, 1997.

Alt, W., M. Block, V. Schmidt, T. Nakamura, P. Seibert, X. Chu, and G. Werth, Shifts of the 3D-4P transitions in different isotopes of positive Calcium ions, Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 30, L677-L681, 1997.

Chu, X. Z., S. Q. Liu, and T. Q. Dong, Experimental study of AC Zeeman effect in the 87Rb atomic frequency standard, Acta Physica Sinica (Overseas Edition), 5, 423-430, 1996.

Chu, X. Z., S. Q. Liu, and T. Q. Dong, Microwave power frequency shift in the 87Rb atomic frequency standard, Acta Physica Sinica, 43, 1072-1076, 1994.

BOOK CHAPTERS

Chu, X., and G. C. Papen, Resonance Fluorescence Lidar for Measurements of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere, in the book of Laser Remote Sensing, edited by T. Fujii and T. Fukuchi, published by CTC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, ISBN: 0-8247-4256-7, page 179-432, 2005.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Chu, X., Alexandrite-ring-laser-based Fe Doppler lidar for mobile/airborne deployment, Proceeding of the 23rd International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC), PP.385-388, Nara, Japan, 24-28 July 2006.

Friedman, J. S., and X. Chu, Tropical/sub-tropical mesopause thermal structure from Arecibo, PR (18.35°N, 66.75°W) and Maui, HI (20.7°N, 156.3°W), Proceeding of the 23rd International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC), PP. 577-580, Nara, Japan, 24-28 July 2006.

Simpson, S. E., X. Chu, A. Z. Liu, W. Robinson, G. J. Nott, J. Diettrich, P. J. Espy, and J. Shanklin, Polar stratospheric clouds observed by a lidar at Rothera, Antarctica (67.5°S, 68.0°W), invited paper in Proceeding of SPIE Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring VI, vol. 5887, pp. 58870T-1 - 58870T-13, 2005.

Chu, X., and C. S. Gardner, Pole-to-Pole: Lidar observations of middle and upper atmosphere temperature and polar mesospheric clouds over the North and South Poles, invited paper in Proceedings of SPIE (The International Society for Optical Engineering): Lidar remote sensing for industry and environment monitoring III, vol. 4893, pp. 223-236, 2003.

Chu, X, C. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, Polar mesospheric clouds at the South Pole, Proceedings of SPIE (The International Society for Optical Engineering): Lidar remote sensing for industry and environment monitoring III, vol. 4893, pp. 504-515, 2003.

Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, W. Pan, and G. Papen, "Recent results from the University of Illinois iron Boltzmann temperature lidar", Proceedings of the 20th International Laser Radar Conference, pp. 412-415, Vichy, France, July, 2000.

RECENT PRESENTATION AND SUBMISSION

Chu, X., C. Yamashita, P. J. Espy, G. J. Nott, E. J. Jensen, H.-L. Liu, W. Huang, and J. P. Thayer, Responses of polar mesospheric cloud brightness to stratospheric gravity waves at the South Pole and Rothera, Antarctica, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestral Physics, submitted, January 2007.

Chu, X., Review of key findings from lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds, invited talk at the spring AGU, Baltimore, MD, May 26, 2006.

Chu, X., Interhemispheric comparison of polar mesospheric clouds observed by lidar, invited talk at the 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Beijing, China, July 19, 2006.

Chu, X., Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds: properties and implications, Invited talk at the Western Pacific Geophysical Meeting, Beijing, July 23, 2006.