B-11
Hurricanes: Their nature and impacts on society
Table
of Contents
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
CHAPTER
1 Introduction: Science, Policy, and Hurricanes 1.1 The Hurricane:
"A Melancholy Event" 1.2 "We Need Help": Hurricane Andrew in South Florida,
August 1.2.1 Forecast 1.2.2 Impact 1.2.3 Response 1.3 Defining the Problem
1.3.1 The hurricane as an extreme meteorological event 1.3.2 Hurricanes
in North American history 1.3.3 Ten notable hurricanes of the past century
1.3.4 Extreme weather events 1.3.5 Science in service to society 1.3.6
The challenge: toward a more usable science
CHAPTER
2 The US Hurricane Problem 2.1 Reframing the US Hurricane Problem
2.1.1 The challenge of problem definition 2.1.2 The conventional framing
of the US hurricane problem 2.1.3 Societal vulnerability as an alternative
framing of the hurricane problem 2.2 Vulnerability to hurricanes 2.2.1
Hurricane incidence 2.2.2 Hurricane incidence and climate change 2.2.3
Exposure to hurricanes 2.3 Assessment of Vulnerability to Hurricanes 2.3.1
Tropical cyclone risk assessment 2.3.2 Societal vulnerability to tropical
cyclones: a framework for assessment 2.3.3 Incidence assessment 2.3.4
Exposure assessment
CHAPTER
3 Tropical Cyclones on Planet Earth 3.1 Life of a Hurricane 3.1.1
Birth and growth 3.1.2 Maturity 3.1.3 Decay 3.1.4 Criteria for development
and intensification of a tropical cyclone 3.2 Special Cases of Development
and Intensification 3.3 Geographic and Seasonal Distribution 3.3.1 Origin
3.3.2 Movement 3.3.3 Tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean Basin
CHAPTER
4 Hurricane Forecasts 4.1 Tropical Cyclone Movement 4.2 External Flow:
The Steering Current 4.3 Interaction of the Steering Current and the Hurricane
4.4 Internal Flow 4.5 Tropical Cyclone Track, Intensity, and Seasonal
Forecasting 4.5.1 Tropical cyclone track predictions 4.5.2 Tropical cyclone
intensity change predictions 4.5.3 Seasonal predictions of tropical cyclone
activity 4.5.4 Attempts at tropical cyclone modification 4.5.5 Value to
society of forecasts
CHAPTER
5 Hurricane Impacts 5.1 Ocean Impacts 5.2 Land Impacts at the Coast
and a Short Distance Inland 5.2.1 Storm surge 5.2.2 Storm surge analysis
5.2.3 Winds 5.2.4 Rainfall 5.2.5 Tornadoes 5.2.6 Inland impacts 5.3 Societal
Impacts 5.3.1 Hurricane impacts on society 5.3.2 The challenge of estimating
damages 5.3.3 Summary
CHAPTER
6 Societal Responses 6.1 Understanding Societal Responses to Weather
Events 6.2 Long-Term Social and Decision Processes 6.2.1 Preparing for
evacuation 6.2.2 Preparing for impacts 6.2.3 Preparing for recovery 6.3
Short-Term Decision Processes 6.3.1 Forecast: the art and science of hurricane
track prediction 6.3.2 Impact: surviving the storm 6.3.3 Response: recovery
and restoration 6.4 Conclusion: Preparedness Assessment
CHAPTER
7 Hurricane Andrew: Forecast, Impact, Response 7.1 Introduction 7.2
Forecast 7.2.1 Hurricane track and intensity 7.2.2 Evacuation 7.3 Impact
7.3.1 Direct damages from Hurricane Andrew 7.3.2 Building codes: construction,
implementation, enforcement, and compliance 7.3.3 Insurance 7.4 Response
7.4.1 Recovery 7.4.2 Restoration
CHAPTER
8 Tropical Cyclone Fundamentals 8.1 From Knowledge to Action 8.2 Ten
Important Lessons of Hurricanes 8.3 Last Words
APPENDIX
A Additional Reading
APPENDIX B Economic and Casualty Data for the United States
APPENDIX C Selected Data on Tropical Storm and Hurricane Incidence
in the Atlantic Ocean Basin
APPENDIX D Selected Data and Names of Tropical Cyclones in Ocean
Basins Around the World
APPENDIX E Guide for Local Hurricane Decision-Makers APPENDIX F
Units References Index
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