Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder

Peter Molnar

Research Interests

Three somewhat separate questions motivate most of my research. 1. How are mountain ranges and high plateau built, and specifically how do geodynamic processes in the mantle build high terrain, such as the Tibetan Plateau, the Andes, the Southern Alps of New Zealand, and the western USA? 2. What geologic processes (like, but not exclusively, mountain building) have altered regional climates, and how have they done so?  3. Can we predict Indian Monsoon rainfall? 

Current Research

1. A big controversy in geodynamics concerns how mantle lithosphere, the cold top part of the mantle below the crust, can be removed, as seems to have happened beneath many mountain belts and high plateaus. Presumably this occurs by some form of convective instability, for cold mantle lithosphere is thought to be denser than the hotter material beneath it. Changes in the styles of crustal deformation across much of Asia changed beginning near 10-15 millions years ago, as if a common process underlay all of these changes. We seek tests of the hypothesis that surface of the Tibetan Plateau rose and by doing so, it applied increased pressure to the surroundings, much as occurs when the level in a water tower rises. One current objective is to determine if Tibet’s surface did indeed rise at that time; we hope to exploit tools of organic biogeochemistry to determine past surface temperatures, which we will use to infer past elevations. We also examine seismological constraints on the deep structure to determine whether there is evidence that blobs of mantle lithosphere have dripped from remaining thinned lithosphere.

2. Regarding ice ages, we are pursuing the hypothesis that the emergence of islands in Indonesia altered Canadian climate enough to permit ice sheets to grow there. The line of logic includes many steps: (1) islands attract rainfall; (2) enhanced rainfall leads to a warmer upper troposphere; (3) which strengthens atmospheric circulation, like the Walker Circulation; (4) islands have emerged in Indonesia over the past 5 Myr; (5) the Walker Circulation may have strengthened since that time, and transformed eastern tropical Pacific sea-surface temperatures from El Niño-like and warm, to the cooler, more La Niña-like as now; (6) during El Niño events, Canada is warm enough to melt last winter's snow, but during La Niña such melting occurs less readily. So, more islands in Indonesia may have have gradually cooled Canada, and thus enabled winter snow to survive cooler summers than before. Toward this end, we are pursuing an understanding of how islands attract rainfall.  

This work has led too to a digression: an understanding of what enabled large mammals suddenly, 2-3 million years ago, to pass from North (or South) America through the Isthmus of Panama and then into South (or North) America. The isthmus seems to have been emergent since 15-20 million years ago. The hypothesis we pursue is that recurring ice ages and continental ice sheets on Canada cooled and aridified the jungles of Panama to make them more like savannas, though which the mammals passed. 

3.  Most models that include global warming call for increased Indian monsoon rainfall, but over the past 30 years, as the globe has warmed, Indian monsoon rainfall has decreased.  Although much work has been done with the goal of predicting monsoon rainfall amounts, Balaji Rajagopalan and I have focused on early and late seasons, when farmers plant and harvest crops. We have been pursuing known influences, like the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and heating over Tibet, with some success. We plan to introduce additional possible influences, such as sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean, as well as refine how we treat other boundary conditions.   

 



Maps of the Indonesian region showing present-day (top) emergent regions (black) and (bottom) emergent regions 5 million years ago (black) and land that today is emergent, but was  submerged (red).

Maps of the Indonesian region showing present-day (top) emergent regions (black) and (bottom) emergent regions 5 million years ago (black) and land that today is emergent, but was submerged (red).

View Publications

  • Gan W; Molnar P; Zhang P; Xiao G; Liang S; Zhang K; Li Z; Xu K; Zhang L. (May 2022). Initiation of Clockwise Rotation and Eastward Transport of Southeastern Tibet Inferred from Deflected Fault Traces and GPS Observations. Geological Society of America Bulletin , 134(5-6), 1129-1142. 10.1130/B36069.1
  • Molnar P. (Feb 2022). Differences between soil and air temperatures: Implications for geological reconstructions of past climate. Geosphere. 10.1130/GES02448.1/5540444/ges02448.pdf
  • Fu M; Cane MA; Molnar P; Tziperman E. (Feb 2022). Warmer Pliocene Upwelling Site SST Leads to Wetter Subtropical Coastal Areas: A Positive Feedback on SST. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology , 37(2). 10.1029/2021PA004357
  • Molnar P. (Jan 2022). The Rise of the Tibetan Plateau and Removal of Some its Mantle Lithosphere in Light of Recent Observations. Himalayan Geology , 43(1B), 123-139.
  • Fu M; Cane MA; Molnar P; Tziperman E. (Oct 2021). Wetter Subtropics Lead to Reduced Pliocene Coastal Upwelling. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology , 36(10). 10.1029/2021PA004243
  • Molnar P; Perez-Angel LC. (Aug 2021). Constraints on the paleoelevation history of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia from its palynological record. Geosphere , 17(4), 1333-1352. 10.1130/GES02328.1
  • Reitman NG; Molnar P. (Mar 2021). Strain and Velocity Across the Great Basin Derived From 15-ka Fault Slip Rates: Implications for Continuous Deformation and Seismic Hazard in the Walker Lane, California-Nevada, USA. Tectonics , 40(3). 10.1029/2020TC006389
  • Molnar P; Rajagopalan B. (Aug 2020). Mid-Holocene Sahara-Sahel Precipitation From the Vantage of Present-Day Climate. Geophysical Research Letters , 47(16). 10.1029/2020GL088171
  • Perez-Angel LC; Sepulveda J; Molnar P; Montes C; Rajagopalan B; Snell K; Gonzalez-Arango C; Dildar N. (Aug 2020). Soil and Air Temperature Calibrations Using Branched GDGTs for the Tropical Andes of Colombia: Toward a Pan-Tropical Calibration. G3: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: an electronic journal of the earth sciences , 21(8). 10.1029/2020GC008941
  • Molnar P. (Jul 2020). The Brittle-Plastic Transition, Earthquakes, Temperatures, and Strain Rates. Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth , 125(7). 10.1029/2019JB019335
  • Wycech JB; Gill E; Rajagopalan B; Marchitto TM; Molnar PH. (Jan 2020). Multiproxy Reduced-Dimension Reconstruction of Pliocene Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology , 35(1). 10.1029/2019PA003685
  • Molnar P. (Dec 2019). Lower Mantle Dynamics Perceived With 50 Years of Hindsight From Plate Tectonics. G3: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: an electronic journal of the earth sciences , 20(12), 5619-5649. 10.1029/2019GC008416
  • Molnar, P; Bendick, R. (May 2019). Seismic Moments of Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes Beneath the Hindu Kush: Active Stretching of a Blob of Sinking Thickened Mantle Lithosphere?. TECTONICS , 38(5). 10.1029/2018TC005336
  • Johnson JE; Molnar PH. (Mar 2019). Widespread and Persistent Deposition of Iron Formations for Two Billion Years. Geophysical Research Letters , 46(6), 3327-3339. 10.1029/2019GL081970
  • Perry M; Kakar N; Ischuk A; Metzger S; Bendick R; Molnar P; Mohadjer S. (Jan 2019). Little Geodetic Evidence for Localized Indian Subduction in the Pamir-Hindu Kush of Central Asia. Geophysical Research Letters , 46(1), 109-118. 10.1029/2018GL080065
  • Molnar, P. (Oct 2018). Gravitational Potential Energy per Unit Area as a Constraint on Archean Sea Level. GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS , 19(10). 10.1029/2018GC007766
  • Perez-Angel, LC and P Molnar. (Nov 2017). Sea Surface Temperatures in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific and Surface Temperatures in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia During EI Nino: Implications for Pliocene Conditions. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 32(11). 10.1002/2017PA003182
  • Molnar P. (Jun 2017). Comment (2) on "Formation of the Isthmus of Panama" by O'Dea et al. Science Advances , 3(6). 10.1126/sciadv.1602320
  • Gill, EC, B Rajagopalan, PH Molnar, Y Kushnir and TM Marchitto. (Feb 2017). Reconstruction of Indian summer monsoon winds and precipitation over the past 10,000 years using equatorial pacific SST proxy records. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 32(2). 10.1002/2016PA002971
  • Chang, H, LY Li, P Molnar and NA Niemi. (Dec 2016). Activation of a Minor Graben and Pull-Apart Basin Just East of Bukadaban during the 2001 Kunlun Earthquake (M-w 7.8). BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA , 106(6). 10.1785/0120160135
  • Mora-Paez, H, DJ Mencin, P Molnar, H Diederix, L Cardona-Piedrahita, JR Pelaez-Gaviria and Y Corchuelo-Cuervo. (Aug 2016). GPS velocities and the construction of the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 43(16). 10.1002/2016GL069795
  • Gill, EC, B Rajagopalan, P Molnar and TM Marchitto. (Jul 2016). Reduced-dimension reconstruction of the equatorial Pacific SST and zonal wind fields over the past 10,000years using Mg/Ca and alkenone records. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 31(7). 10.1002/2016PA002948
  • Zietlow, DW, PH Molnar and AF Sheehan. (Jun 2016). Teleseismic P wave tomography of South Island, New Zealand upper mantle: Evidence of subduction of Pacific lithosphere since 45 Ma. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 121(6). 10.1002/2015JB012624
  • Roe GH; Ding Q; Battisti DS; Molnar P; Clark MK; Garzione CN. (May 2016). A modeling study of the response of Asian summertime climate to the largest geologic forcings of the past 50 Ma. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres , 121(10), 5453-5470. 10.1002/2015JD024370
  • Bacon, CD, P Molnar, A Antonelli, AJ Crawford, C Montes and MC Vallejo-Pareja. (May 2016). Quaternary glaciation and the Great American Biotic Interchange. GEOLOGY , 44(5). 10.1130/G37624.1
  • Bilham, R, T Niebauer, C Pearson and P Molnar. (Jan 2016). Changes in absolute gravity 2000-2015, South Island, New Zealand. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS , 59(1). 10.1080/00288306.2015.1108922
  • Gill, EC, B Rajagopalan and PH Molnar. (Dec 2015). An assessment of the mean annual precipitation needed to sustain Lake Sambhar in Rajasthan, India, during mid-Holocene time. HOLOCENE , 25(12). 10.1177/0959683615596817
  • Gill, EC, B Rajagopalan and P Molnar. (Aug 2015). Subseasonal variations in spatial signatures of ENSO on the Indian summer monsoon from 1901 to 2009. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES , 120(16). 10.1002/2015JD023184
  • Ge, WP, P Molnar, ZK Shen and Q Li. (Jul 2015). Present-day crustal thinning in the southern and northern Tibetan Plateau revealed by GPS measurements. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 42(13). 10.1002/2015GL064347
  • England, P and P Molnar. (May 2015). Rheology of the lithosphere beneath the central and western Tien Shan. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 120(5). 10.1002/2014JB011733
  • Cronin, TW, KA Emanuel and P Molnar. (Apr 2015). Island precipitation enhancement and the diurnal cycle in radiative-convective equilibrium. QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY , 141(689). 10.1002/qj.2443
  • Molnar, P, PC England and CH Jones. (Mar 2015). Mantle dynamics, isostasy, and the support of high terrain. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 120(3). 10.1002/2014JB011724
  • Molnar, P and TW Cronin. (Mar 2015). Growth of the Maritime Continent and its possible contribution to recurring Ice Ages. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 30(3). 10.1002/2014PA002752
  • Molnar, P. (Mar 2015). Gravitational instability of mantle lithosphere and core complexes. TECTONICS , 34(3). 10.1002/2014TC003808
  • Molnar, P and GA Houseman. (Jan 2015). Effects of a low-viscosity lower crust on topography and gravity at convergent mountain belts during gravitational instability of mantle lithosphere. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 120(1). 10.1002/2014JB011349
  • Collins, JA and P Molnar. (Oct 2014). Pn anisotropy beneath the South Island of New Zealand and implications for distributed deformation in continental lithosphere. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 119(10). 10.1002/2014JB011233
  • Rajagopalan, B and P Molnar. (Jun 2014). Combining regional moist static energy and ENSO for forecasting of early and late season Indian monsoon rainfall and its extremes. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 41(12). 10.1002/2014GL060429
  • Mestas-Nunez, AM and P Molnar. (Jun 2014). A mechanism for freshening the Caribbean Sea in pre-Ice Age time. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 29(6). 10.1002/2013PA002515
  • Zhang, HP, PZ Zhang, JD Champagnac, P Molnar, RS Anderson, E Kirby, WH Craddock and SF Liu. (Apr 2014). Pleistocene drainage reorganization driven by the isostatic response to deep incision into the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. GEOLOGY , 42(4). 10.1130/G35115.1
  • Zietlow, DW, AF Sheehan, PH Molnar, MK Savage, G Hirth, JA Collins and BH Hager. (Feb 2014). Upper mantle seismic anisotropy at a strike-slip boundary: South Island, New Zealand. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 119(2). 10.1002/2013JB010676
  • Zheng, WJ, PZ Zhang, WP Ge, P Molnar, HP Zhang, DY Yuan and JH Liu. (Dec 2013). Late Quaternary slip rate of the South Heli Shan Fault (northern Hexi Corridor, NW China) and its implications for northeastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau. TECTONICS , 32(2). 10.1002/tect.20022
  • Yuan, DY, WP Ge, ZW Chen, CY Li, ZC Wang, HP Zhang, PZ Zhang, DW Zheng, WJ Zheng, WH Craddock, KE Dayem, AR Duvall, BG Hough, RO Lease, JD Champagnac, DW Burbank, MK Clark, KA Farley, CN Garzione, E Kirby, P Molnar and GH Roe. (Sep 2013). The growth of northeastern Tibet and its relevance to large-scale continental geodynamics: A review of recent studies. TECTONICS , 32(5). 10.1002/tect.20081
  • Ischuk, A, R Bendick, A Rybin, P Molnar, SF Khan, S Kuzikov, S Mohadjer, U Saydullaev, Z Ilyasova, G Schelochkov and AV Zubovich. (May 2013). Kinematics of the Pamir and Hindu Kush regions from GPS geodesy. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 118(5). 10.1002/jgrb.50185
  • Molnar, P and GA Houseman. (May 2013). Rayleigh-Taylor instability, lithospheric dynamics, surface topography at convergent mountain belts, and gravity anomalies. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 118(5). 10.1002/jgrb.50203
  • Zheng, WJ, HP Zhang, PZ Zhang, P Molnar, XW Liu and DY Yuan. (Apr 2013). Late Quaternary slip rates of the thrust faults in western Hexi Corridor (Northern Qilian Shan, China) and their implications for northeastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau. GEOSPHERE , 9(2). 10.1130/GES00775.1
  • Rajagopalan, B and P Molnar. (Feb 2013). Signatures of Tibetan Plateau heating on Indian summer monsoon rainfall variability. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES , 118(3). 10.1002/jgrd.50124
  • Rajagopalan, B and P Molnar. (Sep 2012). Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperature variability and predictability of rainfall in the early and late parts of the Indian summer monsoon season. CLIMATE DYNAMICS , 39(6). 10.1007/s00382-011-1194-y
  • Molnar, P and B Rajagopalan. (May 2012). Late Miocene upward and outward growth of eastern Tibet and decreasing monsoon rainfall over the northwestern Indian subcontinent since similar to 10 Ma. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 39. 10.1029/2012GL051305
  • Oberhaensli H; Molnar P. (Apr 2012). Climate Evolution in Central Asia during the Past Few Million Years: A Case Study from Issyk Kul. Scientific Drilling , 13, 51-57. 10.2204/iodp.sd.13.09.2011
  • Champagnac, JD, P Molnar, C Sue and F Herman. (Feb 2012). Tectonics, climate, and mountain topography. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 117. 10.1029/2011JB008348
  • Zhang, HP, WH Craddock, RO Lease, WT Wang, DY Yuan, PZ Zhang, P Molnar, DW Zheng and WJ Zheng. (Feb 2012). Magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Chaka basin and its implications for mountain building processes in the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau. BASIN RESEARCH , 24(1). 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2011.00512.x
  • Molnar, P. (Feb 2012). Isostasy can't be ignored. NATURE GEOSCIENCE , 5(2). 10.1038/ngeo1383
  • Molnar, P and T Rautian. (Dec 2011). Harry Fielding Reid Medal Citation for Tatyana Glebovna Rautian. SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 82(5).
  • Yuan, DY, JD Champagnac, WP Ge, P Molnar, PZ Zhang, WJ Zheng, HP Zhang and XW Liu. (Dec 2011). Late Quaternary right-lateral slip rates of faults adjacent to the lake Qinghai, northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN , 123(10-Sep). 10.1130/B30315.1
  • Collins, JA, P Molnar and AF Sheehan. (Sep 2011). Multibeam bathymetric surveys of submarine volcanoes and mega-pockmarks on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS , 54(3). 10.1080/00288306.2011.589860
  • Molnar, P. (Feb 2011). Jack Oliver (1923-2011) OBITUARY. NATURE , 470(7333). 10.1038/470176a
  • Perez, OJ, R Bilham, M Sequera, L Molina, P Gavotti, H Codallo, C Moncayo, C Rodriguez, R Velandia, M Guzman and P Molnar. (Jan 2011). GPS DERIVED VELOCITY FIELD IN WESTERN VENEZUELA: DEXTRAL SHEAR COMPONENT ASSOCIATED TO THE BOCONO FAULT AND CONVERGENT COMPONENT NORMAL TO THE ANDES. INTERCIENCIA , 36(1).
  • Zubovich, AV, XQ Wang, YG Scherba, GG Schelochkov, R Reilinger, C Reigber, OI Mosienko, P Molnar, W Michajljow, VI Makarov, J Li, SI Kuzikov, TA Herring, MW Hamburger, BH Hager, YM Dang, VD Bragin and RT Beisenbaev. (Dec 2010). GPS velocity field for the Tien Shan and surrounding regions. TECTONICS , 29. 10.1029/2010TC002772
  • Molnar, P. (Dec 2010). Deuterium and oxygen isotopes, paleoelevations of the Sierra Nevada, and Cenozoic climate. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN , 122(8-Jul). 10.1130/B30001.1
  • Duret, F, NM Shapiro, Z Cao, V Levin, P Molnar and S Roecker. (Aug 2010). Surface wave dispersion across Tibet: Direct evidence for radial anisotropy in the crust. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 37. 10.1029/2010GL043811
  • Beavan, J, P Denys, M Denham, B Hager, T Herring and P Molnar. (Aug 2010). Distribution of present-day vertical deformation across the Southern Alps, New Zealand, from 10 years of GPS data. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 37. 10.1029/2010GL044165
  • Molnar, P and KE Dayem. (Aug 2010). Major intracontinental strike-slip faults and contrasts in lithospheric strength. GEOSPHERE , 6(4). 10.1130/GES00519.1
  • Hatzfeld D; Molnar P. (Jun 2010). COMPARISONS OF THE KINEMATICS AND DEEP STRUCTURES OF THE ZAGROS AND HIMALAYA AND OF THE IRANIAN AND TIBETAN PLATEAUS AND GEODYNAMIC IMPLICATIONS. Reviews of Geophysics , 48. 10.1029/2009RG000304
  • Dayem, KE, P Molnar, DS Battisti and GH Roe. (Jun 2010). Lessons learned from oxygen isotopes in modern precipitation applied to interpretation of speleothem records of paleoclimate from eastern Asia. EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS , 295(2-Jan). 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.003
  • Champagnac, JD, DY Yuan, WP Ge, P Molnar and WJ Zheng. (Jun 2010). Slip rate at the north-eastern front of the Qilian Shan, China. TERRA NOVA , 22(3). 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2010.00932.x
  • Mohadjer, S, R Bendick, A Ischuk, S Kuzikov, A Kostuk, U Saydullaev, S Lodi, DM Kakar, A Wasy, MA Khan, P Molnar, R Bilham and AV Zubovich. (Feb 2010). Partitioning of India-Eurasia convergence in the Pamir-Hindu Kush from GPS measurements. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 37. 10.1029/2009GL041737
  • Harig, C, P Molnar and GA Houseman. (Feb 2010). Lithospheric thinning and localization of deformation during Rayleigh-Taylor instability with nonlinear rheology and implications for intracontinental magmatism. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 115. 10.1029/2009JB006422
  • Molnar, P, WR Boos and DS Battisti. (Jan 2010). Orographic Controls on Climate and Paleoclimate of Asia: Thermal and Mechanical Roles for the Tibetan Plateau. ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, VOL 38 , 38. 10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152456
  • Dayem, KE, P Molnar, MK Clark and GA Houseman. (Dec 2009). Far-field lithospheric deformation in Tibet during continental collision. TECTONICS , 28. 10.1029/2008TC002344
  • Dayem, KE, GA Houseman and P Molnar. (May 2009). Localization of shear along a lithospheric strength discontinuity: Application of a continuous deformation model to the boundary between Tibet and the Tarim Basin. TECTONICS , 28. 10.1029/2008TC002264
  • Molnar, P and JM Stock. (May 2009). Slowing of India's convergence with Eurasia since 20 Ma and its implications for Tibetan mantle dynamics. TECTONICS , 28. 10.1029/2008TC002271
  • Jochum, M, B Fox-Kemper, PH Molnar and C Shields. (Mar 2009). Differences in the Indonesian seaway in a coupled climate model and their relevance to Pliocene climate and El Nino. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 24. 10.1029/2008PA001678
  • Harig, C, P Molnar and GA Houseman. (Dec 2008). Rayleigh-Taylor instability under a shear stress free top boundary condition and its relevance to removal of mantle lithosphere from beneath the Sierra Nevada. TECTONICS , 27(6). 10.1029/2007TC002241
  • Burov, EB and R Molnar. (Nov 2008). Small and large-amplitude gravitational instability of an elastically compressible viscoelastic Maxwell solid overlying an inviscid incompressible fluid: Dependence of growth rates on wave number and elastic constants at low Deborah numbers. EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS , 275(4-Mar). 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.08.032
  • Molnar, P. (Apr 2008). Closing of the Central American Seaway and the ice age: A critical review. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 23(1). 10.1029/2007PA001574
  • England, PC, P Molnar and FM Richter. (Dec 2007). Kelvin, Perry and the age of the earth. AMERICAN SCIENTIST , 95(4). 10.1511/2007.66.3755
  • Zhang, PZ, P Molnar and XW Xu. (Oct 2007). Late Quaternary and present-day rates of slip along the Altyn Tagh Fault, northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. TECTONICS , 26(5). 10.1029/2006TC002014
  • Molnar, P and MA Cane. (Oct 2007). Early pliocene (pre-Ice Age) El Nino-like global climate: Which El Nino?. GEOSPHERE , 3(5). 10.1130/GES00103.1
  • Molnar, P. (Sep 2007). An examination of evidence used to infer late cenozoic "Uplift" of mountain belts and other high terrain: What scientific question does such evidence pose?. JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA , 70(3).
  • Molnar, P, RS Anderson and SP Anderson. (Aug 2007). Tectonics, fracturing of rock, and erosion. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE , 112(F3). 10.1029/2005JF000433
  • Garzione CN; Molnar P; Libarkin JC; MacFadden BJ. (Jul 2007). Reply to Comment on "Rapid late Miocene rise of the Bolivian Altiplano: Evidence for removal of mantle lithosphere" by Garzione et al. (2006), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 241 (2006) 543-556. Earth and Planetary Science Letters , 259(3-4), 630-633. 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.04.054
  • Molnar, P and CN Garzione. (Apr 2007). Bounds on the viscosity coefficient of continental lithosphere from removal of mantle lithosphere beneath the Altiplano and Eastern Cordillera. TECTONICS , 26(2). 10.1029/2006TC001964
  • Dayem, KE, DC Noone and P Molnar. (Mar 2007). Tropical western Pacific warm pool and maritime continent precipitation rates and their contrasting relationships with the Walker Circulation. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES , 112(D6). 10.1029/2006JD007870
  • Champagnac, JD, P Molnar, RS Anderson, C Sue and B Delacou. (Mar 2007). Quaternary erosion-induced isostatic rebound in the western Alps. GEOLOGY , 35(3). 10.1130/G23053A.1
  • Jaupart, C, P Molnar and E Cottrell. (Feb 2007). Instability of a chemically dense layer heated from below and overlain by a deep less viscous fluid. JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS , 572. 10.1017/S0022112006003521
  • Huybers, P and P Molnar. (Jan 2007). Tropical cooling and the onset of North American glaciation. CLIMATE OF THE PAST , 3(3). 10.5194/cp-3-549-2007
  • Molnar, P, GA Houseman and PC England. (Nov 2006). Earth science - Palaeo-altimetry of Tibet. NATURE , 444(7117). 10.1038/nature05368
  • Schuerch, P, AL Densmore, BW McArdell and P Molnar. (Aug 2006). The influence of landsliding on sediment supply and channel change in a steep mountain catchment. , 78(4-Mar).
  • Molnar, P. (May 2006). On geometrical scaling of Cayley trees and river networks. , 322(4-Jan).
  • Schael S; Barate R; Bruneliere R; Buskulic D; De Bonis I; Decamp D; Ghez P; Goy C; Jezequel S; Lees JP. (May 2006). Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance. Physics Reports , 427(5-6), 257-454. 10.1016/j.physrep.2005.12.006
  • Molnar, P, RS Anderson, G Kier and J Rose. (Apr 2006). Relationships among probability distributions of stream discharges in floods, climate, bed load transport, and river incision. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE , 111(F2). 10.1029/2005JF000310
  • Anderson, RS, P Molnar and MA Kessler. (Feb 2006). Features of glacial valley profiles simply explained. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE , 111(F1). 10.1029/2005JF000344
  • Garzione, CN, P Molnar, JC Libarkin and BJ MacFadden. (Jan 2006). Rapid late Miocene rise of the Bolivian Altiplano: Evidence for removal of mantle lithosphere. EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS , 241(4-Mar). 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.026
  • England, P and P Molnar. (Dec 2005). Late Quaternary to decadal velocity fields in Asia. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 110(B12). 10.1029/2004JB003541
  • Birsan, MV, P Molnar, P Burlando and M Pfaundler. (Nov 2005). Streamflow trends in Switzerland. , 314(4-Jan).
  • Brown ET; Molnar P; Bourles DL. (Aug 2005). Comment on "Slip-rate measurements on the Karakorum Fault may imply secular variations in fault motion". Science , 309(5739). 10.1126/science.1112508
  • Molnar P. (Aug 2005). An appreciation. Journal of the Geological Society of India , 66(2), 252-252.
  • Hilley, GE, R Burgmann, PZ Zhang and P Molnar. (Jan 2005). Bayesian inference of plastosphere viscosities near the Kunlun Fault, northern Tibet. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 32(1). 10.1029/2004GL021658
  • Molnar, P. (Jan 2005). Mio-pliocene growth of the Tibetan Plateau and evolution of East Asian climate. PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA , 8(1).
  • Jade, S, BC Bhatt, Z Yang, R Bendick, VK Gaur, P Molnar, MB Anand and D Kumar. (Dec 2004). GPS measurements from the Ladakh Himalaya, India: Preliminary tests of plate-like or continuous deformation in Tibet. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN , 116(12-Nov). 10.1130/B25357.1
  • Wilson, CK, CH Jones, P Molnar, AF Sheehan and OS Boyd. (Oct 2004). Distributed deformation in the lower crust and upper mantle beneath a continental strike-slip fault zone: Marlborough fault system, South Island, New Zealand. GEOLOGY , 32(10). 10.1130/G20657.1
  • Cottrell, E, C Jaupart and P Molnar. (Sep 2004). Marginal stability of thick continental lithosphere. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 31(18). 10.1029/2004GL020332
  • Zhang, PZ, Z Shen, M Wang, WJ Gan, R Burgmann and P Molnar. (Sep 2004). Continuous deformation of the Tibetan Plateau from global positioning system data. GEOLOGY , 32(9). 10.1130/G20554.1
  • Molnar, P and GA Houseman. (Sep 2004). The effects of buoyant crust on the gravitational instability of thickened mantle lithosphere at zones of intracontinental convergence. GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL , 158(3). 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02312.x
  • Shapiro, NM, MH Ritzwoller, P Molnar and V Levin. (Jul 2004). Thinning and flow of Tibetan crust constrained by seismic anisotropy. SCIENCE , 305(5681). 10.1126/science.1098276
  • Molnar, P. (Jun 2004). Interactions among topographically induced elastic stress, static fatigue, and valley incision. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE , 109(F2). 10.1029/2003JF000097
  • Molnar, P and CH Jones. (Mar 2004). A test of laboratory based rheological parameters of olivine from an analysis of late Cenozoic convective removal of mantle lithosphere beneath the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL , 156(3). 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02138.x
  • Molnar, P. (Jan 2004). Late cenozoic increase in accumulation rates of terrestrial sediment: How might climate change have affected erosion rates?. ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES , 32. 10.1146/annurev.earth.32.091003.143456
  • Molnar P. (Dec 2003). Geomorphology - Nature, nurture and landscape. Nature , 426(6967), 612-614. 10.1038/426612a
  • Brown, ET, R Bendick, DL Bourles, V Gaur, P Molnar, GM Raisbeck and F Yiou. (Oct 2003). Early Holocene climate recorded in geomorphological features in Western Tibet. PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY , 199(2-Jan). 10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00501-7
  • Gilbert, HJ, AF Sheehan, KG Dueker and P Molnar. (May 2003). Receiver functions in the western United States, with implications for upper mantle structure and dynamics. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 108(B5). 10.1029/2001JB001194
  • Molnar, P and MA Cane. (Dec 2002). El Nino's tropical climate and teleconnections as a blueprint for pre-Ice Age climates. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY , 17(2). 10.1029/2001PA000663
  • Brown, ET, R Bendick, DL Bourles, V Gaur, P Molnar, GM Raisbeck and F Yiou. (Sep 2002). Slip rates of the Karakorum fault, Ladakh, India, determined using cosmic ray exposure dating of debris flows and moraines. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH , 107(B9). 10.1029/2000JB000100
  • Scherwath, M, T Stern, A Melhuish and P Molnar. (Apr 2002). Pn anisotropy and distributed upper mantle deformation associated with a continental transform fault. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS , 29(8). 10.1029/2001GL014179
  • Molnar, P and JA Ramirez. (Mar 2002). On downstream hydraulic geometry and optimal energy expenditure: case study of the Ashley and Taieri Rivers. , 259(4-Jan).
  • Molnar, P. (Dec 2001). Climate change, flooding in arid environments, and erosion rates. GEOLOGY , 29(12). 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<1071:CCFIAE>2.0.CO;2
  • Bilham R; Gaur VK; Molnar P. (Aug 2001). Earthquakes - Himalayan seismic hazard. Science , 293(5534), 1442-1444. 10.1126/science.1062584
  • Hallet, B and P Molnar. (Jul 2001). Distorted drainage basins as markers of crustal strain east of the Himalaya. , 106(B7).
  • Cane, MA and P Molnar. (May 2001). Closing of the Indonesian seaway as a precursor to east African aridircation around 3-4 million years ago. NATURE , 411(6834). 10.1038/35075500
  • Zhang, PZ, P Molnar and WR Downs. (Apr 2001). Increased sedimentation rates and grain sizes 2-4 Myr ago due to the influence of climate change on erosion rates. NATURE , 410(6831). 10.1038/35073504
  • Von Herzen, R, C Ruppel, P Molnar, M Nettles, S Nagihara and G Ekstrom. (Apr 2001). A constraint on the shear stress at the Pacific-Australian plate boundary from heat flow and seismicity at the Kermadec forearc. , 106(B4).
  • Molnar, P, T Stern and GA Houseman. (Jan 2001). Thickening of mantle lithosphere beneath New Zealand and the role of buoyant crust in this process. , 42(10).
  • Abdrakhmatov, KE, R Weldon, S Thompson, D Burbank, C Rubin, M Miller and P Molnar. (Jan 2001). Origin, direction, and rate of modern compression of the central Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan). , 42(10).
  • Stern, T, P Molnar, D Okaya and D Eberhart-Phillips. (Sep 2000). Teleseismic P wave delays and modes of shortening the mantle lithosphere beneath South Island, New Zealand. , 105(B9).
  • Molnar, P and S Ghose. (Aug 2000). Seismic moments of major earthquakes and the rate of shortening across the Tien Shan. , 27(16).
  • Molnar, P and KA Emanuel. (Oct 1999). Temperature profiles in radiative-convective equilibrium above surfaces at different heights. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES , 104(D20). 10.1029/1999JD900485
  • Conrad, CP and P Molnar. (Oct 1999). Convective instability of a boundary layer with temperature- and strain-rate-dependent viscosity in terms of 'available buoyancy'. , 139(1).
  • Forest, CE, JA Wolfe, P Molnar and KA Emanuel. (Apr 1999). Paleoaltimetry incorporating atmospheric physics and botanical estimates of paleoclimate. , 111(4).
  • Burov, EB and P Molnar. (Aug 1998). Gravity anomalies over the Ferghana Valley (central Asia) and intracontinental deformation. , 103(B8).
  • Molnar, P, GA Houseman and CP Conrad. (Jun 1998). Rayleigh-Taylor instability and convective thinning of mechanically thickened lithosphere: effects of non-linear viscosity decreasing exponentially with depth and of horizontal shortening of the layer. , 133(3).
  • Brown, ET, DL Bourles, BC Burchfiel, QD Deng, J Li, P Molnar, GM Raisbeck and F Yiou. (Mar 1998). Estimation of slip rates in the southern Tien Shan using cosmic ray exposure dates of abandoned alluvial fans. , 110(3).
  • Molnar, P. (Dec 1997). The rise of the Tibetan plateau: From mantle dynamics to the Indian monsoon. , 38(3).
  • Conrad, CP and P Molnar. (Apr 1997). The growth of Rayleigh-Taylor-type instabilities in the lithosphere for various rheological and density structures. , 129(1).
  • Burtman, VS, SF Skobelev and P Molnar. (Aug 1996). Late cenozoic slip on the Talas-Ferghana fault, the Tien Shan, central Asia. , 108(8).
  • Molnar, P and JM Gipson. (Jan 1996). A bound on the rheology of continental lithosphere using very long baseline interferometry: The velocity of south China with respect to Eurasia. , 101(B1).
  • WOODWARD, RL and P MOLNAR. (Oct 1995). LATERAL HETEROGENEITY IN THE UPPER-MANTLE AND SS-S TRAVEL-TIME INTERVALS FOR SS-RAYS REFLECTED FROM THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. , 135(4-Jan).
  • BURCHFIEL, BC, P MOLNAR, P ZHANG, Q DENG, W ZHANG and Y WANG. (Jun 1995). EXAMPLE OF A SUPRADETACHMENT BASIN WITHIN A PULL-APART TECTONIC SETTING - MORMON-POINT, DEATH-VALLEY, CALIFORNIA. , 7(2).
  • MOLNAR, P and P ENGLAND. (Mar 1995). TEMPERATURES IN ZONES OF STEADY-STATE UNDERTHRUSTING OF YOUNG OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE. , 131(2-Jan).
  • Martinod, J and P Molnar. (Jan 1995). Lithospheric folding in the Indian Ocean and the rheology of the oceanic plate. , 166(6).
  • MOLNAR, P and JM GIPSON. (May 1994). VERY LONG-BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY AND ACTIVE ROTATIONS OF CRUSTAL BLOCKS IN THE WESTERN TRANSVERSE RANGES, CALIFORNIA. , 106(5).
  • ENGLAND, P and P MOLNAR. (Feb 1993). THE INTERPRETATION OF INVERTED METAMORPHIC ISOGRADS USING SIMPLE PHYSICAL CALCULATIONS. , 12(1).
  • CHATELAIN, JL, P MOLNAR, R PREVOT and B ISACKS. (Jul 1992). DETACHMENT OF PART OF THE DOWNGOING SLAB AND UPLIFT OF THE NEW HEBRIDES (VANUATU) ISLANDS. , 19(14).
  • ENGLAND, P, P LEFORT, P MOLNAR and A PECHER. (Feb 1992). HEAT-SOURCES FOR TERTIARY METAMORPHISM AND ANATEXIS IN THE ANNAPURNA-MANASLU REGION CENTRAL NEPAL. , 97(B2).
  • BURCHFIEL, BC, PZ ZHANG, YP WANG, WQ ZHANG, FM SONG, QD DENG, P MOLNAR and L ROYDEN. (Dec 1991). GEOLOGY OF THE HAIYUAN FAULT ZONE, NINGXIA-HUI AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA, AND ITS RELATION TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE NORTHEASTERN MARGIN OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU. , 10(6).
  • ZHANG, PZ, BC BURCHFIEL, P MOLNAR, WQ ZHANG, DC JIAO, QD DENG, YP WANG, L ROYDEN and FM SONG. (Dec 1991). AMOUNT AND STYLE OF LATE CENOZOIC DEFORMATION IN THE LIUPAN SHAN AREA, NINGXIA AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA. , 10(6).
  • PANDEY, MR, SW ROECKER and P MOLNAR. (Oct 1991). P-WAVE RESIDUALS AT STATIONS IN NEPAL - EVIDENCE FOR A HIGH-VELOCITY REGION BENEATH THE KARAKORAM. , 18(10).
  • MENARD, G, P MOLNAR and JP PLATT. (Apr 1991). BUDGET OF CRUSTAL SHORTENING AND SUBDUCTION OF CONTINENTAL-CRUST IN THE ALPS. , 10(2).
  • JACKSON, J and P MOLNAR. (Dec 1990). ACTIVE FAULTING AND BLOCK ROTATIONS IN THE WESTERN TRANSVERSE RANGES, CALIFORNIA. , 95(B13).
  • ZHANG, PZ, BC BURCHFIEL, P MOLNAR, WQ ZHANG, DC JIAO, QD DENG, YP WANG, L ROYDEN and FM SONG. (Nov 1990). LATE CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE NINGXIA-HUI AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA. , 102(11).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Nov 1990). S-WAVE RESIDUALS FROM EARTHQUAKES IN THE TIBETAN REGION AND LATERAL VARIATIONS IN THE UPPER MANTLE. , 101(1).
  • SUAREZ, G, J GAGNEPAIN, A CISTERNAS, D HATZFELD, P MOLNAR, L OCOLA, SW ROECKER and JP VIODE. (Oct 1990). TECTONIC DEFORMATION OF THE ANDES AND THE CONFIGURATION OF THE SUBDUCTED SLAB IN CENTRAL PERU - RESULTS FROM A MICROSEISMIC EXPERIMENT. , 103(1).
  • CHEN, WP and P MOLNAR. (Aug 1990). SOURCE PARAMETERS OF EARTHQUAKES AND INTRAPLATE DEFORMATION BENEATH THE SHILLONG PLATEAU AND THE NORTHERN INDOBURMAN RANGES. , 95(B8).
  • CHANG, T, J STOCK and P MOLNAR. (Jun 1990). THE ROTATION GROUP IN PLATE-TECTONICS AND THE REPRESENTATION OF UNCERTAINTIES OF PLATE RECONSTRUCTIONS. , 101(3).
  • MOLNAR, P and P ENGLAND. (Apr 1990). TEMPERATURES, HEAT-FLUX, AND FRICTIONAL STRESS NEAR MAJOR THRUST FAULTS. , 95(B4).
  • BUROV, EV, MG KOGAN, H LYONCAEN and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1990). GRAVITY-ANOMALIES, THE DEEP-STRUCTURE, AND DYNAMIC PROCESSES BENEATH THE TIEN-SHAN. , 96(4-Mar).
  • LYONCAEN, H and P MOLNAR. (Oct 1989). CONSTRAINTS ON THE DEEP-STRUCTURE AND DYNAMIC PROCESSES BENEATH THE ALPS AND ADJACENT REGIONS FROM AN ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY-ANOMALIES. , 99(1).
  • MOLNAR, P and H LYONCAEN. (Oct 1989). FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES AND ACTIVE TECTONICS OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS MARGINS. , 99(1).
  • BURCHFIEL, BC, P MOLNAR, ZY ZHAO, K LIANG, SJ WANG, MM HUANG and J SUTTER. (Aug 1989). GEOLOGY OF THE ULUGH-MUZTAGH AREA, NORTHERN TIBET. , 94(2-Jan).
  • MOLNAR, P and MR PANDEY. (Apr 1989). RUPTURE ZONES OF GREAT EARTHQUAKES IN THE HIMALAYAN REGION. , 98(1).
  • STOCK, J and P MOLNAR. (Dec 1988). UNCERTAINTIES AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE LATE CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY POSITION OF NORTH-AMERICA RELATIVE TO THE FARALLON, KULA, AND PACIFIC PLATES. , 7(6).
  • PEIZHEN, Z, P MOLNAR, BC BURCHFIEL, L ROYDEN, YP WANG, QD DENG, FM SONG, WQ ZHANG and DC JIAO. (Sep 1988). BOUNDS ON THE HOLOCENE SLIP RATE OF THE HAIYUAN FAULT, NORTH-CENTRAL CHINA. , 30(2).
  • ROSA, JWC and P MOLNAR. (Apr 1988). UNCERTAINTIES IN RECONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PACIFIC, FARALLON, VANCOUVER, AND KULA PLATES AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE RIGIDITY OF THE PACIFIC AND FARALLON (AND VANCOUVER) PLATES BETWEEN 72 AND 35 MA. , 93(B4).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Dec 1987). INVERSION OF PROFILES OF UPLIFT RATES FOR THE GEOMETRY OF DIP-SLIP FAULTS AT DEPTH, WITH EXAMPLES FROM THE ALPS AND THE HIMILAYA. , 5(6).
  • NELSON, MR, R MCCAFFREY and P MOLNAR. (Nov 1987). SOURCE PARAMETERS FOR 11 EARTHQUAKES IN THE TIEN-SHAN, CENTRAL-ASIA, DETERMINED BY P AND SH WAVE-FORM INVERSION. , 92(B12).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jul 1987). THE DISTRIBUTION OF INTENSITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE GREAT 1897 ASSAM EARTHQUAKE AND BOUNDS ON THE EXTENT OF THE RUPTURE ZONE. , 30(1).
  • PARDOCASAS, F and P MOLNAR. (Jun 1987). RELATIVE MOTION OF THE NAZCA (FARALLON) AND SOUTH-AMERICAN PLATES SINCE LATE CRETACEOUS TIME. , 6(3).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Feb 1987). THE DISTRIBUTION OF INTENSITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE 1905 KANGRA EARTHQUAKE AND BOUNDS ON THE EXTENT OF THE RUPTURE ZONE. , 29(2).
  • ZHANG, WQ, DC JIAO, PZ ZHANG, P MOLNAR, BC BURCHFIEL, QD DENG, YP WANG and FM SONG. (Feb 1987). DISPLACEMENT ALONG THE HAIYUAN FAULT ASSOCIATED WITH THE GREAT 1920 HAIYUAN, CHINA, EARTHQUAKE. , 77(1).
  • MOLNAR, P and JM STOCK. (Dec 1985). A METHOD FOR BOUNDING UNCERTAINTIES IN COMBINED PLATE RECONSTRUCTIONS. , 90(B14).
  • LYONCAEN, H and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1985). GRAVITY-ANOMALIES, FLEXURE OF THE INDIAN PLATE, AND THE STRUCTURE, SUPPORT AND EVOLUTION OF THE HIMALAYA AND GANGA BASIN. , 4(6).
  • LYONCAEN, H, P MOLNAR and G SUAREZ. (Jan 1985). GRAVITY-ANOMALIES AND FLEXURE OF THE BRAZILIAN SHIELD BENEATH THE BOLIVIAN ANDES. , 75(1).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1985). A GEOPHYSICAL-STUDY OF MESQUITE VALLEY - NEVADA-CALIFORNIA BORDER. , 90(NB10).
  • MCCAFFREY, R, P MOLNAR, SW ROECKER and YS JOYODIWIRYO. (Jan 1985). MICROEARTHQUAKE SEISMICITY AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS RELATED TO ARC-CONTINENT COLLISION IN THE EASTERN SUNDA ARC, INDONESIA. , 90(NB6).
  • BARANOWSKI, J, J ARMBRUSTER, L SEEBER and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1984). FOCAL DEPTHS AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES AND ACTIVE TECTONICS OF THE HIMALAYA. , 89(NB8).
  • LEDAIN, AY, P TAPPONNIER and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1984). ACTIVE FAULTING AND TECTONICS OF BURMA AND SURROUNDING REGIONS. , 89(NB1).
  • LYONCAEN, H and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1984). GRAVITY-ANOMALIES AND THE STRUCTURE OF WESTERN TIBET AND THE SOUTHERN TARIM BASIN. , 11(12).
  • GRANGE, F, D HATZFELD, P CUNNINGHAM, P MOLNAR, SW ROECKER, G SUAREZ, A RODRIGUES and L OCOLA. (Jan 1984). TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE MICROEARTHQUAKE SEISMICITY AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS IN SOUTHERN PERU. , 89(NB7).
  • MOLNAR, P and QD DENQ. (Jan 1984). FAULTING ASSOCIATED WITH LARGE EARTHQUAKES AND THE AVERAGE RATE OF DEFORMATION IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN ASIA. , 89(NB7).
  • MOLNAR, P and WP CHEN. (Jan 1984). S-P WAVE TRAVEL TIME RESIDUALS AND LATERAL INHOMOGENEITY IN THE MANTLE BENEATH TIBET AND THE HIMALAYA. , 89(NB8).
  • DENG, QD, FM SUNG, SL ZHU, ML LI, TL WANG, WQ ZHANG, BC BURCHFIEL, P MOLNAR and PZ ZHANG. (Jan 1984). ACTIVE FAULTING AND TECTONICS OF THE NINGXIA-HUI AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA. , 89(NB6).
  • GRANGE, F, P CUNNINGHAM, J GAGNEPAIN, D HATZFELD, P MOLNAR, L OCOLA, A RODRIGUES, SW ROECKER, JM STOCK and G SUAREZ. (Jan 1984). THE CONFIGURATION OF THE SEISMIC ZONE AND THE DOWNGOING SLAB IN SOUTHERN PERU. , 11(1).
  • KING, GCP, A TSELENTIS, J GOMBERG, P MOLNAR, SW ROECKER, H SINVHAL, C SOUFLERIS and JM STOCK. (Jan 1983). MICROEARTHQUAKE SEISMICITY AND ACTIVE TECTONICS OF NORTHWESTERN GREECE. , 66(3-Jan).
  • SUAREZ, G, P MOLNAR and BC BURCHFIEL. (Jan 1983). SEISMICITY, FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS, DEPTH OF FAULTING, AND ACTIVE TECTONICS OF THE ANDES OF PERU, ECUADOR, AND SOUTHERN COLOMBIA. , 88(NB12).
  • LYONCAEN, H and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1983). CONSTRAINTS ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE HIMALAYA FROM AN ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY-ANOMALIES AND A FLEXURAL MODEL OF THE LITHOSPHERE. , 88(NB10).
  • MOLNAR, P, WP CHEN and E PADOVANI. (Jan 1983). CALCULATED TEMPERATURES IN OVERTHRUST TERRAINS AND POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS OF HEAT-SOURCES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TERTIARY GRANITES IN THE GREATER HIMALAYA. , 88(NB8).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1983). AVERAGE REGIONAL STRAIN DUE TO SLIP ON NUMEROUS FAULTS OF DIFFERENT ORIENTATIONS. , 88(NB8).
  • CHEN, WP and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1983). FOCAL DEPTHS OF INTRACONTINENTAL AND INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE THERMAL AND MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE LITHOSPHERE. , 88(NB5).
  • MOLNAR, P and WP CHEN. (Jan 1983). FOCAL DEPTHS AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES UNDER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU. , 88(NB2).
  • STOCK, J and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1982). UNCERTAINTIES IN THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE AUSTRALIA, ANTARCTICA, LORD-HOWE, AND PACIFIC PLATES SINCE THE LATE CRETACEOUS. , 87(NB6).
  • DALMAYRAC, B and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1981). PARALLEL THRUST AND NORMAL FAULTING IN PERU AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE STATE OF STRESS. , 55(3).
  • CHEN, WP and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1981). CONSTRAINTS ON THE SEISMIC-WAVE VELOCITY STRUCTURE BENEATH THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND THEIR TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS. , 86(NB7).
  • HOUSEMAN, GA, DP MCKENZIE and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1981). CONVECTIVE INSTABILITY OF A THICKENED BOUNDARY-LAYER AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR THE THERMAL EVOLUTION OF CONTINENTAL CONVERGENT BELTS. , 86(NB7).
  • CHEN, WP, JL NABELEK, TJ FITCH and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1981). AN INTERMEDIATE DEPTH EARTHQUAKE BENEATH TIBET - SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EVENT OF SEPTEMBER 14, 1976. , 86(NB4).
  • MOLNAR, P and P TAPPONNIER. (Jan 1981). A POSSIBLE DEPENDENCE OF TECTONIC STRENGTH ON THE AGE OF THE CRUST IN ASIA. , 52(1).
  • SUAREZ, G and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1980). PALEOMAGNETIC DATA AND PELAGIC SEDIMENT FACIES AND THE MOTION OF THE PACIFIC PLATE RELATIVE TO THE SPIN AXIS SINCE THE LATE CRETACEOUS. , 85(NB10).
  • PREVOT, R, D HATZFELD, SW ROECKER and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1980). SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES AND ACTIVE TECTONICS IN EASTERN AFGHANISTAN. , 85(NB3).
  • ROECKER, SW, OV SOBOLEVA, IL NERSESOV, AA LUKK, D HATZFELD, JL CHATELAIN and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1980). SEISMICITY AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF INTERMEDIATE DEPTH EARTHQUAKES IN THE PAMIR-HINDU KUSH REGION. , 85(NB3).
  • CHATELAIN, JL, SW ROECKER, D HATZFELD and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1980). MICRO-EARTHQUAKE SEISMICITY AND FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS IN THE HINDU KUSH REGION AND THEIR TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS. , 85(NB3).
  • CHEN, CY, WP CHEN and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1980). THE UPPERMOST MANTLE P-WAVE VELOCITIES BENEATH TURKEY AND IRAN. , 7(1).
  • JACKSON, J, P MOLNAR, H PATTON and T FITCH. (Jan 1979). SEISMOTECTONIC ASPECTS OF THE MARKANSU VALLEY, TADJIKSTAN, EARTHQUAKE OF AUGUST 11, 1974. , 84(NB11).
  • TAPPONNIER, P and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1979). ACTIVE FAULTING AND CENOZOIC TECTONICS OF THE TIEN SHAN, MONGOLIA, AND BAYKAL REGIONS. , 84(NB7).
  • JONES, LM and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1979). SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF FORESHOCKS AND THEIR POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP TO EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION AND PREMONITORY SLIP ON FAULTS. , 84(NB7).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1979). EARTHQUAKE RECURRENCE INTERVALS AND PLATE TECTONICS. , 69(1).
  • MOLNAR, P, D FREEDMAN and JSF SHIH. (Jan 1979). LENGTHS OF INTERMEDIATE AND DEEP SEISMIC ZONES AND TEMPERATURES IN DOWNGOING SLABS OF LITHOSPHERE. , 56(1).
  • MOLNAR, P and P TAPPONNIER. (Jan 1978). ACTIVE TECTONICS OF TIBET. , 83(NB11).
  • MOLNAR, P and T ATWATER. (Jan 1978). INTERARC SPREADING AND CORDILLERAN TECTONICS AS ALTERNATES RELATED TO AGE OF SUBDUCTED OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE. , 41(3).
  • RAUTIAN, TG, VI KHALTURIN, VG MARTYNOV and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1978). PRELIMINARY-ANALYSIS OF SPECTRAL CONTENT OF P-WAVES AND S-WAVES FROM LOCAL EARTHQUAKES IN GARM, TADJIKISTAN REGION. , 68(4).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1977). GRAVITY ANOMALIES AND ORIGIN OF PUERTO-RICO TRENCH. , 51(3).
  • BUNCE, ET and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1977). SEISMIC-REFLECTION PROFILING AND BASEMENT TOPOGRAPHY IN SOMALI BASIN - POSSIBLE FRACTURE ZONES BETWEEN MADAGASCAR AND AFRICA. , 82(33).
  • TAPPONNIER, P and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1977). ACTIVE FAULTING AND TECTONICS IN CHINA. , 82(20).
  • CHEN, WP and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1977). SEISMIC MOMENTS OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES AND AVERAGE RATE OF SLIP IN CENTRAL ASIA. , 82(20).
  • RALEIGH, B, P MOLNAR, T HANKS, A NUR, F WU, J SAVAGE, C SCHOLZ, H CRAIG, R TURNER and G BENNETT. (Jan 1977). PREDICTION OF HAICHENG EARTHQUAKE. , 58(5).
  • RUZAIKIN, AI, IL NERSESOV, VI KHALTURIN and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1977). PROPAGATION OF LG AND LATERAL VARIATIONS IN CRUSTAL STRUCTURE IN ASIA. , 82(2).
  • MOLNAR, P and J FRANCHETEAU. (Jan 1975). RELATIVE MOTION OF HOT SPOTS IN ATLANTIC AND INDIAN OCEANS DURING CENOZOIC. , 43(3).
  • SHIH, J and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1975). ANALYSIS AND IMPLICATIONS OF SEQUENCE OF RIDGE JUMPS THAT ELIMINATED SURVEYOR TRANSFORM FAULT. , 80(35).
  • CHEN, WP and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1975). SHORT-PERIOD RAYLEIGH-WAVE DISPERSION ACROSS TIBETAN PLATEAU. , 65(5).
  • MOLNAR, P, T ATWATER, J MAMMERICKX and SM SMITH. (Jan 1975). MAGNETIC-ANOMALIES, BATHYMETRY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SOUTH PACIFIC SINCE LATE CRETACEOUS. , 40(3).
  • ANDERSON, RN, DW FORSYTH, P MOLNAR and MAMMERIC.J. (Jan 1974). FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES ON NAZCA PLATE BOUNDARIES AND EASTER PLATE. , 24(2).
  • MINSTER, JB, TH JORDAN, P MOLNAR and E HAINES. (Jan 1974). NUMERICAL MODELING OF INSTANTANEOUS PLATE TECTONICS. , 36(3).
  • MOLNAR, P, BE TUCKER and JN BRUNE. (Jan 1973). CORNER FREQUENCIES OF P AND S WAVES AND MODELS OF EARTHQUAKE SOURCES. , 63(6).
  • MOLNAR, P, TJ FITCH and FT WU. (Jan 1973). FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES AND CONTEMPORARY TECTONICS IN ASIA. , 19(2).
  • HUESTIS, S, P MOLNAR and J OLIVER. (Jan 1973). REGIONAL SN VELOCITIES AND SHEAR VELOCITY IN UPPER MANTLE. , 63(2).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1973). FAULT PLANE SOLUTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES AND DIRECTION OF MOTION IN GULF OF CALIFORNIA AND ON RIVERA FRACTURE ZONE. , 84(5).
  • MOLNAR, P, KH JACOB and K MCCAMY. (Jan 1973). IMPLICATIONS OF ARCHAMBEAUS EARTHQUAKE SOURCE THEORY FOR SLIP ON FAULTS. , 63(1).
  • SCHOLZ, C, P MOLNAR and T JOHNSON. (Jan 1972). DETAILED STUDIES OF FRICTIONAL SLIDING OF GRANITE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE MECHANISM. , 77(32).
  • MAASHA, N and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1972). EARTHQUAKE FAULT PARAMETERS AND TECTONICS IN AFRICA. , 77(29).
  • JOHNSON, T and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1972). FOCAL MECHANISMS AND PLATE TECTONICS OF SOUTHWEST PACIFIC. , 77(26).
  • WYSS, M and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1972). EFFICIENCY, STRESS DROP, APPARENT STRESS, EFFECTIVE STRESS, AND FRICTIONAL STRESS OF DENVER, COLORADO, EARTHQUAKES. , 77(8).
  • SAVINO, J, LR SYKES, LIEBERMA.RC and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1971). EXCITATION OF SEISMIC SURFACE WAVES WITH PERIODS OF 15 TO 70 SECONDS FOR EARTHQUAKES AND UNDERGROUND EXPLOSIONS. , 76(32).
  • MOLNAR, P. (Jan 1971). P-WAVE SPECTRA FROM UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS. , 23(3).
  • MOLNAR, P and YP AGGARWAL. (Jan 1971). MICROEARTHQUAKE SURVEY IN KENYA. , 61(1).
  • FITCH, TJ and P MOLNAR. (Jan 1970). FOCAL MECHANISMS ALONG INCLINED EARTHQUAKE ZONES IN INDONESIA-PHILIPPINE REGION. , 75(8).
  • MOLNAR, P, K JACOB and LR SYKES. (Jan 1969). MICROEARTHQUAKE ACTIVITY IN EASTERN NEVADA AND DEATH VALLEY CALIFORNIA BEFORE AND AFTER NUCLEAR EXPLOSION BENHAM. , 59(6).
  • MOLNAR, P and LR SYKES. (Jan 1969). TECTONICS CARIBBEAN AND MIDDLE AMERICA REGIONS FROM FOCAL MECHANISMS AND SEISMICITY. , 80(9).
  • MOLNAR, P and J OLIVER. (Jan 1969). LATERAL VARIATIONS OF ATTENUATION IN UPPER MANTLE AND DISCONTINUITIES IN LITHOSPHERE. , 74(10).