Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder

Judith Perlwitz

Position

CIRES Senior Research Scientist and Team Lead, Attribution and Predictability Assessments, NOAA Physical Sciences Division

Department

NOAA ESRL Physical Sciences Division

Education

  • Ph.D., Hamburg University, Germany, 2000

Contact

303-497-4814
judith.perlwitz@noaa.gov

Location

NOAA David Skaggs Research Center, 1D117

Publications on the web

ORCID: 
0000-0003-4061-2442
ResearcherID: 
B-7201-2008

Also on the web

Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division

Research Interests

I am a research scientist at NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory (Physical Sciences Division, PSD) in Boulder, Colorado. I am a member of PSD’s Attribution and Predictability Assessments Team which seeks to understand the physical factors that cause observed regional and seasonal climate trends, and high-impact weather and climate events. We place a special emphasis on understanding the large-scale drivers that influence local and regional extreme events such as floods, droughts, and heat waves.

Current Research

  • Understanding the role of stratospheric processes in predicting ENSO-NAO connections on subseasonal time scale
  • Development of a probabilistic  approach to multivariate ENSO monitoring
  • Understanding the faces of ENSO teleconnections


El Niño is a naturally occurring climate pattern associated with warming of the ocean surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, which can significantly influence weather patterns, ocean conditions, and marine fisheries worldwide. Image: NOAA

Honors and Awards

  • American Meteorological Society, Fellow 2016

View Publications

  • Hoell, A; Perlwitz, J; Dewes, C; Wolter, K; Rangwala, I; Quan, XW; Eischcheid, J (2019), ANTHROPOGENIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INTENSITY OF THE 2017 UNITED STATES NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS DROUGHT. Version: 1 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY 100 (1) S19-S24, issn: 0003-0007, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0127.1
  • Kushnir, Y; Scaife, AA; Arritt, R; Balsamo, G; Boer, G; Doblas-Reyes, F; Hawkins, E; Kimoto, M; Kolli, RK; Kumar, A; Matei, D; Matthes, K; Muller, WA; OKane, T; Perlwitz, J; Power, S; Raphael, M; Shimpo, A; Smith, D; Tuma, M; Wu, B (2019), Towards operational predictions of the near-term climate. Version: 1 NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE 9 (2) 94-101, issn: 1758-678X, doi: 10.1038/s41558-018-0359-7
  • Stone, DA; Christidis, N; Folland, C; Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S; Perlwitz, J; Shiogama, H; Wehner, MF; Wolski, P; Cholia, S; Krishnan, H; Murray, D; Angelil, O; Beyerle, U; Ciavarella, A; Dittus, A; Quan, XW; Tadross, M (2019), Experiment design of the International CLIVAR C20C. Version: 1 WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES 24 , Art. No. UNSP 100206, issn: 2212-0947, doi: 10.1016/j.wace.2019.100206
  • Albers, JR, J Perlwitz, AH Butler, T Birner, GN Kiladis, ZD Lawrence, GL Manney, AO Langford and J Dias (2018), Mechanisms Governing Interannual Variability of Stratosphere-to-Troposphere Ozone Transport. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 123 (1) 234-260, issn: 2169-897X, ids: FT8WI, doi: 10.1002/2017JD026890
  • Li, F, P Newman, S Pawson and J Perlwitz (2018), Effects of Greenhouse Gas Increase and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion on Stratospheric Mean Age of Air in 1960-2010. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 123 (4) 2098-2110, issn: 2169-897X, ids: FZ7IR, doi: 10.1002/2017JD027562
  • Zhang, T, MP Hoerling, K Wolter, J Eischeid, LY Cheng, A Hoell, J Perlwitz, XW Quan and J Barsugli (2018), Predictability and Prediction of Southern California Rains during Strong El Nino Events: A Focus on the Failed 2016 Winter Rains. J. Clim. Version: 1 31 (2) 555-574, issn: 0894-8755, ids: FW2WF, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0396.1
  • Quan, XW, M Hoerling, L Smith, J Perlwitz, T Zhang, A Hoell, K Wolter and J Eischeid (2018), EXTREME CALIFORNIA RAINS DURING WINTER 2015/16: A CHANGE IN EL NINO TELECONNECTION?. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. Version: 1 99 (1) S49-S53, issn: 0003-0007, ids: GB8IG, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0118.1
  • Sun, LT, D Allured, M Hoerling, L Smith, J Perlwitz, D Murray and J Eischeid (2018), Drivers of 2016 record Arctic warmth assessed using climate simulations subjected to Factual and Counterfactual forcing. Weather Clim. Extremes Version: 1 19 1-9, issn: 2212-0947, ids: GL7FD, doi: 10.1016/j.wace.2017.11.001
  • Zhang, T, MP Hoerling, J Perlwitz and TY Xu (2016), Forced Atmospheric Teleconnections during 1979-2014. J. Clim. Version: 1 29 (7) 2333-2357, issn: 0894-8755, ids: DH5GG, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0226.1
  • Li, F, YV Vikhliaev, PA Newman, S Pawson, J Perlwitz, DW Waugh and AR Douglass (2016), Impacts of Interactive Stratospheric Chemistry on Antarctic and Southern Ocean Climate Change in the Goddard Earth Observing System, Version 5 (GEOS-5). J. Clim. Version: 1 29 (9) 3199-3218, issn: 0894-8755, ids: DK8AD, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0572.1
  • Sun, L, J Perlwitz and M Hoerling (2016), What caused the recent "Warm Arctic, Cold Continents" trend pattern in winter temperatures?. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 43 (10) 5345-5352, issn: 0094-8276, ids: DP2UC, doi: 10.1002/2016GL069024
  • Hoerling, M, J Eischeid, J Perlwitz, XW Quan, K Wolter and LY Cheng (2016), Characterizing Recent Trends in U.S. Heavy Precipitation. J. Clim. Version: 1 29 (7) 2313-2332, issn: 0894-8755, ids: DH5GG, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0441.1
  • Hoell, A, M Hoerling, J Eischeid, K Wolter, R Dole, J Perlwitz, TY Xu and LY Cheng (2016), Does El Nino intensity matter for California precipitation?. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 43 (2) 819-825, issn: 0094-8276, ids: DG4QG, doi: 10.1002/2015GL067102
  • Perlwitz, J, M Hoerling and R Dole (2015), Arctic Tropospheric Warming: Causes and Linkages to Lower Latitudes. J. Clim. Version: 1 28 (6) 2154-2167, issn: 0894-8755, ids: CD3MV, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00095.1
  • Shaw, TA and J Perlwitz (2014), On the Control of the Residual Circulation and Stratospheric Temperatures in the Arctic by Planetary Wave Coupling. J. Atmos. Sci. Version: 1 71 (1) 195-206, issn: 0022-4928, ids: 278ZM, doi: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0138.1
  • Dole, R, M Hoerling, A Kumar, J Eischeid, J Perlwitz, XW Quan, G Kiladis, R Webb, D Murray, MY Chen, K Wolter and T Zhang (2014), THE MAKING OF AN EXTREME EVENT. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. Version: 1 95 (3) 427-440, issn: 0003-0007, ids: AG1TE, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00069.1
  • Zhang, T, J Perlwitz and MP Hoerling (2014), What is responsible for the strong observed asymmetry in teleconnections between El Nino and La Nina?. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 41 (3) 1019-1025, issn: 0094-8276, ids: AD1JO, doi: 10.1002/2013GL058964
  • Shaw, TA, J Perlwitz and O Weiner (2014), Troposphere-stratosphere coupling: Links to North Atlantic weather and climate, including their representation in CMIP5 models. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 119 (10) 5864-5880, issn: 2169-897X, ids: AJ5YQ, doi: 10.1002/2013JD021191
  • Hoerling, M, K Wolter, J Perlwitz, XW Quan, J Eischeid, HL Wang, S Schubert, H Diaz and R Dole (2014), NORTHEAST COLORADO EXTREME RAINS INTERPRETED IN A CLIMATE CHANGE CONTEXT. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. Version: 1 95 (9) S15-S18, issn: 0003-0007, ids: AT3FD
  • Quan, XW, MP Hoerling, J Perlwitz, HF Diaz and TY Xu (2014), How Fast Are the Tropics Expanding?. J. Clim. Version: 1 27 (5) 1999-2013, issn: 0894-8755, ids: AB3KO, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00287.1
  • Karpechko, AY, J Perlwitz and E Manzini (2014), A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 119 (13) , Art. No. 2013JD021350, issn: 2169-897X, ids: AN2IK, doi: 10.1002/2013JD021350
  • Hoerling, M, A Kumar, R Dole, JW Nielsen-Gammon, J Eischeid, J Perlwitz, XW Quan, T Zhang, P Pegion and MY Chen (2013), Anatomy of an Extreme Event. J. Clim. Version: 1 26 (9) 2811-2832, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 133SH, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00270.1
  • Shaw, TA and J Perlwitz (2013), The Life Cycle of Northern Hemisphere Downward Wave Coupling between the Stratosphere and Troposphere. J. Clim. Version: 1 26 (5) 1745-1763, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 098TK, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00251.1
  • Eyring, V, JM Arblaster, I Cionni, J Sedlacek, J Perliwitz, PJ Young, S Bekki, D Bergmann, P Cameron-Smith, WJ Collins, G Faluvegi, KD Gottschaldt, LW Horowitz, DE Kinnison, JF Lamarque, DR Marsh, D Saint-Martin, DT Shindell, K Sudo, S Szopa and S Watanabe (2013), Long-term ozone changes and associated climate impacts in CMIP5 simulations. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 118 (10) 5029-5060, issn: 2169-897X, ids: 229NB, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50316
  • Lott, FC, PA Stott, DM Mitchell, N Christidis, NP Gillett, L Haimberger, J Perlwitz and PW Thorne (2013), Models versus radiosondes in the free atmosphere: A new detection and attribution analysis of temperature. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 118 (6) 2609-2619, issn: 2169-897X, ids: 129MB, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50255
  • Santer, BD, JF Painter, CA Mears, C Doutriaux, P Caldwell, JM Arblaster, PJ Cameron-Smith, NP Gillett, PJ Gleckler, J Lanzante, J Perlwitz, S Solomon, PA Stott, KE Taylor, L Terray, PW Thorne, MF Wehner, FJ Wentz, TML Wigley, LJ Wilcox and CZ Zou (2013), Identifying human influences on atmospheric temperature. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. Version: 1 110 (1) 26-33, issn: 0027-8424, ids: 071XI, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1210514109, PubMed ID: 23197824
  • Galarneau, TJ, TM Hamill, RM Dole and J Perlwitz (2012), A Multiscale Analysis of the Extreme Weather Events over Western Russia and Northern Pakistan during July 2010. Mon. Weather Rev. Version: 1 140 (5) 1639-1664, issn: 0027-0644, ids: 939EQ, doi: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00191.1
  • Gerber, EP, A Butler, N Calvo, A Charlton-Perez, M Giorgetta, E Manzini, J Perlwitz, LM Polvani, F Sassi, AA Scaife, TA Shaw, SW Son and S Watanabe (2012), ASSESSING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF STRATOSPHERIC DYNAMICS AND VARIABILITY ON THE EARTH SYSTEM. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. Version: 1 93 (6) 845-859, issn: 0003-0007, ids: 964VI, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00145.1
  • Hoerling, M, J Eischeid, J Perlwitz, XW Quan, T Zhang and P Pegion (2012), On the Increased Frequency of Mediterranean Drought. J. Clim. Version: 1 25 (6) 2146-2161, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 910EP, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00296.1
  • Harnik, N, J Perlwitz and TA Shaw (2011), Observed Decadal Changes in Downward Wave Coupling between the Stratosphere and Troposphere in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Clim. Version: 1 24 (17) 4558-4569, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 821SD, doi: 10.1175/2011JCLI4118.1
  • Shaw, TA, J Perlwitz, N Harnik, PA Newman and S Pawson (2011), The Impact of Stratospheric Ozone Changes on Downward Wave Coupling in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Clim. Version: 1 24 (16) 4210-4229, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 814XN, doi: 10.1175/2011JCLI4170.1
  • Blunden, J, DS Arndt and MO Baringer (2011), State of the Climate in 2010. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. Version: 1 92 (6) S1-S236, issn: 0003-0007, ids: 797MU, doi: 10.1175/1520-0477-92.6.S1
  • Butchart, N, AJ Charlton-Perez, I Cionni, SC Hardiman, PH Haynes, K Kruger, PJ Kushner, PA Newman, SM Osprey, J Perlwitz, M Sigmond, L Wang, H Akiyoshi, J Austin, S Bekki, A Baumgaertner, P Braesicke, C Bruhl, M Chipperfield, M Dameris, S Dhomse, V Eyring, R Garcia, H Garny, P Jockel, JF Lamarque, M Marchand, M Michou, O Morgenstern, T Nakamura, S Pawson, D Plummer, J Pyle, E Rozanov, J Scinocca, TG Shepherd, K Shibata, D Smale, H Teyssedre, W Tian, D Waugh and Y Yamashita (2011), Multimodel climate and variability of the stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 116 , Art. No. D05102, issn: 2169-897X, ids: 731DX, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014995
  • Dole, R, M Hoerling, J Perlwitz, J Eischeid, P Pegion, T Zhang, XW Quan, TY Xu and D Murray (2011), Was there a basis for anticipating the 2010 Russian heat wave?. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 38 , Art. No. L06702, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 782JJ, doi: 10.1029/2010GL046582
  • Zhang, T, MP Hoerling, J Perlwitz, DZ Sun and D Murray (2011), Physics of US Surface Temperature Response to ENSO. J. Clim. Version: 1 24 (18) 4874-4887, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 823WN, doi: 10.1175/2011JCLI3944.1
  • Shaw, TA, J Perlwitz and N Harnik (2010), Downward Wave Coupling between the Stratosphere and Troposphere. The Importance of Meridional Wave Guiding and Comparison with Zonal-Mean Coupling. J. Clim. Version: 1 23 (23) 6365-6381, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 696HP, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3804.1
  • Shaw, TA and J Perlwitz (2010), The Impact of Stratospheric Model Configuration on Planetary-Scale Waves in Northern Hemisphere Winter. J. Clim. Version: 1 23 (12) 3369-3389, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 623ZM, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3438.1
  • Li, SL, J Perlwitz, MP Hoerling and XT Chen (2010), Opposite Annular Responses of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres to Indian Ocean Warming. J. Clim. Version: 1 23 (13) 3720-3738, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 628GA, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3410.1
  • Hoerling, M, J Eischeid and J Perlwitz (2010), Regional Precipitation Trends: Distinguishing Natural Variability from Anthropogenic Forcing. J. Clim. Version: 1 23 (8) 2131-2145, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 594LE, doi: 10.1175/2009JCLI3420.1
  • Son, SW, EP Gerber, J Perlwitz, LM Polvani, NP Gillett, KH Seo, V Eyring, TG Shepherd, D Waugh, H Akiyoshi, J Austin, A Baumgaertner, S Bekki, P Braesicke, C Bruhl, N Butchart, MP Chipperfield, D Cugnet, M Dameris, S Dhomse, S Frith, H Garny, R Garcia, SC Hardiman, P Jockel, JF Lamarque, E Mancini, M Marchand, M Michou, T Nakamura, O Morgenstern, G Pitari, DA Plummer, J Pyle, E Rozanov, JF Scinocca, K Shibata, D Smale, H Teyssedre, W Tian and Y Yamashita (2010), Impact of stratospheric ozone on Southern Hemisphere circulation change: A multimodel assessment. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 115 , Art. No. D00M07, issn: 2169-897X, ids: 666BS, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014271
  • Kumar, A, J Perlwitz, J Eischeid, XW Quan, TY Xu, T Zhang, M Hoerling, B Jha and WQ Wang (2010), Contribution of sea ice loss to Arctic amplification. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 37 , Art. No. L21701, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 676TO, doi: 10.1029/2010GL045022
  • Fogt, RL, J Perlwitz, AJ Monaghan, DH Bromwich, JM Jones and GJ Marshall (2009), Historical SAM Variability. Part II: Twentieth-Century Variability and Trends from Reconstructions, Observations, and the IPCC AR4 Models. J. Clim. Version: 1 22 (20) 5346-5365, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 510HY, doi: 10.1175/2009JCLI2786.1
  • Waugh, DW, L Oman, PA Newman, RS Stolarski, S Pawson, JE Nielsen and J Perlwitz (2009), Effect of zonal asymmetries in stratospheric ozone on simulated Southern Hemisphere climate trends. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 36 , Art. No. L18701, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 499OT, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040419
  • Perlwitz, J, M Hoerling, J Eischeid, TY Xu and A Kumar (2009), A strong bout of natural cooling in 2008. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 36 , Art. No. L23706, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 531ZP, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041188
  • Koch, D, M Schulz, S Kinne, C McNaughton, JR Spackman, Y Balkanski, S Bauer, T Berntsen, TC Bond, O Boucher, M Chin, A Clarke, N De Luca, F Dentener, T Diehl, O Dubovik, R Easter, DW Fahey, J Feichter, D Fillmore, S Freitag, S Ghan, P Ginoux, S Gong, L Horowitz, T Iversen, A Kirkevag, Z Klimont, Y Kondo, M Krol, X Liu, R Miller, V Montanaro, N Moteki, G Myhre, JE Penner, J Perlwitz, G Pitari, S Reddy, L Sahu, H Sakamoto, G Schuster, JP Schwarz, O Seland, P Stier, N Takegawa, T Takemura, C Textor, JA van Aardenne and Y Zhao (2009), Evaluation of black carbon estimations in global aerosol models. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Version: 1 9 (22) 9001-9026, issn: 1680-7316, ids: 525QX, doi: 10.5194/acp-9-9001-2009
  • Fogt, RL, J Perlwitz, S Pawson and MA Olsen (2009), Intra-annual relationships between polar ozone and the SAM. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 36 , Art. No. L04707, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 412MV, doi: 10.1029/2008GL036627
  • Li, SL, J Perlwitz, XW Quan and MP Hoerling (2008), Modelling the influence of North Atlantic multidecadal warmth on the Indian summer rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 35 (5) , Art. No. L05804, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 276PX, doi: 10.1029/2007GL032901
  • Perlwitz, J, S Pawson, RL Fogt, JE Nielsen and WD Neff (2008), Impact of stratospheric ozone hole recovery on Antarctic climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 35 (8) , Art. No. L08714, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 295EW, doi: 10.1029/2008GL033317
  • Neff, W, J Perlwitz and M Hoerling (2008), Observational evidence for asymmetric changes in tropospheric heights over Antarctica on decadal time scales. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 35 (18) , Art. No. L18703, issn: 0094-8276, ids: 351AE, doi: 10.1029/2008GL035074
  • Charlton, AJ, LM Polvani, J Perlwitz, F Sassi, E Manzini, K Shibata, S Pawson, JE Nielsen and D Rind (2007), A new look at stratospheric sudden warmings. Part II: Evaluation of numerical model simulations. J. Clim. Version: 1 20 (3) 470-488, issn: 0894-8755, ids: 134OP, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3994.1
  • Hansen, J., M. Sato, R. Ruedy, P. Kharecha, A. Lacis, R. Miller, L. Nazarenko, K. Lo, G. A. Schmidt, G. Russell, I. Aleinov, S. Bauer, E. Baum, B. Cairns, V. Canuto, M. Chandler, Y. Cheng, A. Cohen, A. Del Genio, G. Faluvegi, E. Fleming, A. Friend, T. Hall, C. Jackman, J. Jonas, M. Kelley, N. Y. Kiang, D. Koch, G. Labow, J. Lerner, S. Menon, T. Novakov, V. Oinas, Ja. Perlwitz, Ju. Perlwitz, D. Rind, A. Romanou, R. Schmunk, D. Shindell, P. Stone, S. Sun, D. Streets, N. Tausnev, D. Thresher, N. Unger, M. Yao and S. Zhang (2007), Dangerous human-made interference with climate: a GISS modelE study. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Version: 1 7 (9) 2287-2312, ids: 1680-7316
  • Hansen, J., M. Sato, R. Ruedy, P. Kharecha, A. Lacis, R. Miller, L. Nazarenko, K. Lo, G. A. Schmidt, G. Russell, I. Aleinov, S. Bauer, E. Baum, B. Cairns, V. Canuto, M. Chandler, Y. Cheng, A. Cohen, A. Del Genio, G. Faluvegi, E. Fleming, A. Friend, T. Hall, C. Jackman, J. Jonas, M. Kelley, N. Y. Kiang, D. Koch, G. Labow, J. Lerner, S. Menon, T. Novakov, V. Oinas, Ja. Perlwitz, Ju. Perlwitz, D. Rind, A. Romanou, R. Schmunk, D. Shindell, P. Stone, S. Sun, D. Streets, N. Tausnev, D. Thresher, N. Unger, M. Yao and S. Zhang (2007), Climate simulations for 1880-2003 with GISS modelE. Clim. Dyn. Version: 1 29 (8-Jul) 661-696, ids: 0930-7575, doi: 10.1007/s00382-007-0255-8
  • Schmidt, GA, R Ruedy, JE Hansen, I Aleinov, N Bell, M Bauer, S Bauer, B Cairns, V Canuto, Y Cheng, A Del Genio, G Faluvegi, AD Friend, TM Hall, YY Hu, M Kelley, NY Kiang, D Koch, AA Lacis, J Lerner, KK Lo, RL Miller, L Nazarenko, V Oinas, J Perlwitz, J Perlwitz, D Rind, A Romanou, GL Russell, M Sato, DT Shindell, PH Stone, S Sun, N Tausnev, D Thresher and MS Yao (2006), Present-day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in situ, satellite, and reanalysis data. J. Clim. Version: 1 19 (2) 153-192, ids: 0894-8755, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3612.1
  • Rind, D, J Perlwitz and P Lonergan (2005), AO/NAO response to climate change: 1. Respective influences of stratospheric and tropospheric climate changes. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 110 (D12) , Art. No. D12107, ids: 2169-897X, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005103
  • Rind, D, J Perlwitz, P Lonergan and J Lerner (2005), AO/NAO response to climate change: 2. Relative importance of low- and high-latitude temperature changes. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 110 (D12) , Art. No. D12108, ids: 2169-897X, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005686
  • Hansen, J, M Sato, R Ruedy, L Nazarenko, A Lacis, GA Schmidt, G Russell, I Aleinov, M Bauer, S Bauer, N Bell, B Cairns, V Canuto, M Chandler, Y Cheng, A Del Genio, G Faluvegi, E Fleming, A Friend, T Hall, C Jackman, M Kelley, N Kiang, D Koch, J Lean, J Lerner, K Lo, S Menon, R Miller, P Minnis, T Novakov, V Oinas, J Perlwitz, J Perlwitz, D Rind, A Romanou, D Shindell, P Stone, S Sun, N Tausnev, D Thresher, B Wielicki, T Wong, M Yao and S Zhang (2005), Efficacy of climate forcings. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 110 (D18) , Art. No. D18104, ids: 2169-897X, doi: 10.1029/2005JD005776
  • Hansen, J, L Nazarenko, R Ruedy, M Sato, J Willis, A Del Genio, D Koch, A Lacis, K Lo, S Menon, T Novakov, J Perlwitz, G Russell, GA Schmidt and N Tausnev (2005), Earth's energy imbalance: Confirmation and implications. Science Version: 1 308 (5727) 1431-1435, ids: 0036-8075, doi: 10.1126/science.1110252, PubMed ID: 15860591
  • Harnik, N, RK Scott and J Perlwitz (2005), Wave reflection and focusing prior to the major stratospheric warming of September 2002. J. Atmos. Sci. Version: 1 62 (3) 640-650, ids: 0022-4928, doi: 10.1175/JAS-3327.1
  • Rind, D, D Shindell, J Perlwitz, J Lerner, P Lonergan, J Lean and C McLinden (2004), The relative importance of solar and anthropogenic forcing of climate change between the Maunder Minimum and the present. J. Clim. Version: 1 17 (5) 906-929, ids: 0894-8755, doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0906:TRIOSA>2.0.CO;2
  • Perlwitz, J and N Harnik (2004), Downward coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere: The relative roles of wave and zonal mean processes. J. Clim. Version: 1 17 (24) 4902-4909, ids: 0894-8755, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-3247.1
  • Rind, D and J Perlwitz (2004), The response of the Hadley circulation to climate changes, past and future. Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future Version: 1 21 399-435
  • Perlwitz, J and N Harnik (2003), Observational evidence of a stratospheric influence on the troposphere by planetary wave reflection. J. Clim. Version: 1 16 (18) 3011-3026, ids: 0894-8755, doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3011:OEOASI>2.0.CO;2
  • Rind, D, J Lerner, J Perlwitz, C McLinden and M Prather (2002), Sensitivity of tracer transports and stratospheric ozone to sea surface temperature patterns in the doubled CO2 climate. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. Version: 1 107 (D24) , Art. No. 4800, ids: 2169-897X, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002483
  • Perlwitz, J and HF Graf (2001), Troposphere-stratosphere dynamic coupling under strong and weak polar vortex conditions. Geophys. Res. Lett. Version: 1 28 (2) 271-274, ids: 0094-8276, doi: 10.1029/2000GL012405
  • Perlwitz, J and HF Graf (2001), The variability of the horizontal circulation in the troposphere and stratosphere - a comparison. Theor. Appl. Climatol. Version: 1 69 (4-Mar) 149-161, ids: 0177-798X, doi: 10.1007/s007040170021
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